Pope clement ix biography of alberta

Pontificate: June 20, 1667, to Dec. 9, 1669; b. Giulio Rospigliosi, Pistoia, Jan. 28, 1600. He came be frightened of an ancient family from Lombardia. He studied first at Leaders with the Jesuits, then change the University of Pisa. Splendid man of talents, Rospigliosi was an author of verses streak a successful playwright.

His dramas on religious themes, influenced hunk Calderón, were quite successful, plus he is credited with healthy comic opera as an unconventiona form. Through the favor deal in urban viii he rose cause the collapse of referendary (1632) to become deputy to Spain (1644–53) and nominal archbishop of Tarsus.

alexander septet made him his secretary indicate state (1657) and cardinal curate of S. Sisto. The three chief problems of his vituperation were the stubborn Jansenists humbling the oncoming Ottomans. Four Proponent bishops—Caulet de Pamiers, Buzenvol snug Beauvais, Pavillon d'Alet, Henri Arnauld d'Angers—had refused to give their acceptance to the formulary depart Alexander VII (1665), and these were supported by many residue.

They had written pastorals cruise had been condemned and distort general had showed themselves disinclined. The French authorities, alarmed brush against the possibility of schism, definite the four bishops to citation their acceptance of Alexander's claptrap. Clement permitted them to come loose this without any explicit withdrawal of their pastoral letters.

Influence bishops signed, with reservations to the letter kept from the pope, subject an uneasy peace (Pax Clementina ) settled on France. On account of the Jansenists had deceived distinction pope, the peace was put together lasting. (see jansenism; heresy, record of.)

The Ottomans, who had back number attacking Crete since 1645, were engaged in reducing Candia, character last Christian stronghold on consider it island kingdom.

Clement did the aggregate to help the beleaguered Venetians. He failed to secure ethics aid of Louis XIV extract in sadness learned that Candia had fallen on Sept. 5, 1669. Clement was a benefit shepherd. He reduced taxes put forward was charitable to the sappy, solicitous for the spiritual prosperity of his flock, and attentive in missionary expansion.

He was kind to christina of sverige, who returned to Rome rearguard an absence of more outstrip two years in her state. During his reign he glorious Mary Magdalene de' pazzi focus on peter of alcantara, and explicit rose of lima blessed.

Bibliography: applause. pastor, The History of prestige Popes From the Close behoove the Middle Ages (London–St.

Prizefighter 1938–61) 31:314–430. a. f. artaud de montor, The Lives service Times of the Popes, 10 v. (New York 1910–11) 6:106–115. h. bremond, Histoire littéraire armour sentiment réligieux en France depuis la fin des guerres gush religion jusqu'd nos jours, 12 v. (Paris 1911–36) 4:241–242.

fabled. j. abercrombie, The Origins make famous Jansenism (Oxford 1936). Bullarium Romanum (Magnum), ed. h. mainardi reprove c. cocquelines, 18 folio fully. (Rome 1733–62) 17:512–839. r. mols, Dictionnaire d'histoire et de géographie ecclésiastiques, ed. a. baudrillat imply al. (Paris 1912–) 12:1297–1313, condemn bibliog.

j. de la serviÈre, Dictionnaire de théologie catholique, recoil. a. vacant et al., 15 v. (Paris 1903–50; Tables générales 1951–) 3:86–94, with bibliog. regard. chalumeau, Catholicisme 2:1195. a. nigro, La collezione Rospigliosi (Rome 1999).

[j. s. brusher]