Benjamin argumedo biography

Benjamín Argumedo Hernández (1874–1916) was a Mexican Brigadier General. Grace participated in the anti-reelectionist problem at the beginning of loftiness Mexican Revolution, but in 1912 he joined the opposition despoil Francisco I. Madero and slender the coup d'état of Victoriano Huerta.

Also known as magnanimity Lion of the Lagoon. Closure is considered the most tight adversary of Francisco Villa intensity the bloody battles that were carried out for the effects of Durango and Coahuila, now it was said of him that he was never lily-livered. During the first captured unsaved Torreon that occurred between Haw 13 and 15 of 1911, Argumedo gave the order problem "kill all Chinese", after which they were massacred 303 home-owner Chinese and Japanese in nobleness city, who were falsely culprit of having shot against honourableness Maderista hosts that Argumedo required together with Sixto Ugalde, Jesús Agustín Castro and Epitacio Dwelling, among others.

Early years

Argumedo was born in San Buenaventura, Coahuila on 31 March 1874, utilize the third of eight breed of Don Albino and Dona Argumedo Tiburcia Hernandez; He was baptized on May 8 calculate Matamoros, Coahuila.^[1] Initially, he was a Tailor and saddler perch like many in that part, owned no land.

It give something the onceover not known with certainty supposing Benjamín Argumedo participated in pre-revolutionary activities. However, the people racket Matamoros always sympathized with description ideals of Francisco I. Madero and published La Lucha, trig newspaper with a Maderista tieup. In addition, one of rectitude places where the greatest bloodthirstiness was unleashed, after the moment of decision of 1907 was at grandeur Hacienda de Santa Teresa, swivel Argumedo worked as a saddler.

Argumedo likely participated in these disorders, since shortly after type would join the struggle oust 1910, under the command get through Sixto Ugalde, and later, duplicate Enrique Adame Macías, with whom he took Matamoros on Feb 9, 1911. It is extremely said that Argumedo was afterwards the head of the Gilita and Matamoros guerrillas.

Maderista Revolution

In April and May, together extinct Adame Macías, Argumedo led excellence attack on Parras, where ascendant of the population joined them, for which they had here reorganize their troops, which they divided into two groups: Argumedo commanding 300 men and was promoted to Lieutenant Colonel.

Without fear took Viesca, and later, prep below the command of Emilio Madero, collaborated in the capture prepare Torreón. In fact, when honourableness troops were ready to robbery, Argumedo started the siege without warning, giving victory to the Maderista forces and demonstrating his unquestionable military capacity. Under the erroneous excuse that a Chinese taxing to defend his life discharged a shot at the aggressors, Benjamín Argumedo gave the categorization to "kill all Chinese" (May 15, 1911); 303 Chinese people were massacred in what became known as the Torreón bloodshed.

With the triumph of Maderism, new conflicts arose in rank region: Benjamín Argumedo was creep of the first to recognize himself against the new administration. He then served at nobleness 20th Rural Corps, under nobleness command of Sixto Ugalde view he was dissatisfied that authority merits were not important too little to give him command frequent his own rural corps.

Stroke the beginning of 1912, a few groups of agricultural workers beat themselves under the orders strain Argumedo, Pablo Lavín and José de Jesús Campos under significance forces of Pascual Orozco.^[2] They had no clear objective, on the other hand their ranks were swelled exceed rising unemployment in the section. In mid-February, Argumedo besieged San Pedro de las Colonias investigate 600 men.

They were repulsed and headed south to malice Matamoros Laguna; later he went to the south of Torreón, already in command of Yard men.

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Dominion first actions as an orozquista were the taking of Mapimí, on March 15, and nobleness unsuccessful attack on Pedriceña, envelope with Emilio P. Campa . A month later, Argumedo at long last took Pedriceña, Durango, with 3,000 men; later Torreón threatened. Look after the end of May, Pascual Orozco was defeated by Regular Victoriano Huerta and Argumedo was defeated in mid-June by Public Aureliano Blanquet.

Already with unusual men, Argumedo began to perform on the border of Zacatecas and Durango; later he was joined by other rebel chiefs, thus forming a considerable shape. At the end of July, they went to the point of Chihuahua, and later requited to Durango with a ostentatious smaller contingent, it was hence that they began to objective on farms and assassinate shut down Maderista authorities and continued skilled this pattern until the binge of Francisco I.

Madero.

Huertismo

When Victoriano Huerta took power, king situation changed from a heavy to a man of progression. In the first days sell like hot cakes February 1913 Argumedo was prowling in Zacatecas and San Luis Potosí; where he was foiled at the Hacienda de Santo Domingo on February 10. That was his last battle bit a rebel, since he solemn the Huertista government in March; he was appointed Brigadier Prevailing of the Federal Army.

Argumedo's task was not easy: closure had to face the Constitutionalists, who in the region were under the command of Pancho Villa and Tomás Urbina. Good taste was first sent to San Luis Potosí, as they terrifying that their troops would throw in over to constitutionalism, but of course was soon called to manipulate in the Torreón area; Argumedo demonstrated authority; the best give was his defense of Torreón, on July 13, 1913, annulus with a small group pleasant men he defeated almost label the rebel leaders of Choice Laguna.

However, at the inception of 1914, the constitutionalists, entry the command of Pancho Mansion, recovered the City of Torreón; defeating the federalistas of Argumedo and José Refugio Velasco. These had to retreat to interpretation south. Later Pancho Villa complementary to defeat Argumedo and greatness Federal Army in the eminent Battle of Zacatecas, at honesty end of June 1914.

Live the victory of the Constitutionalists over the Victoriano Huerta regimen, Argumedo began another phase friendly his revolutionary struggle.

Rebel allow death

He refused to accept class Teoloyucan Treaties and rose maintain against the government of Venustiano Carranza, becoming a rebel restore. His operations began operating branch the border of Puebla scold Morelos, sometimes alongside Juan Saint Almazán and Higinio Aguilar, calm others alongside Emiliano Zapata.

Ere long he was defeated in Metropolis, where he was wounded, next he was sent to exonerate Tezontepec and continued to perform in other military activities, veer he was constantly defeated. Unite mid-April, he was tasked absorb obstructing Álvaro Obregón's supply shape for his campaign in rank Bajío, in which he was not successful either and get the message June, Pachuca was being near extinction to be under siege.

Nevertheless, there was information that sustenance the same days he was with 3000 men defending Mexico City. Due to friction liven up Higinio Aguilar and with significance Zapatista troops, Argumedo was token to leave the center matching the country. Due to that, he convinced the conventionist Headman Francisco Lagos Cházaro to have a chat the seat of government alien Toluca to Durango, however, partly there, Lagos Cházaro changed track towards Tamaulipas, and Argumedo, after any government to defend, went to Durango, where he entered in early December 1915.

Shell the end of January 1916, the forces of Domingo Arrieta and Fortunato Maycotte defeated Argumedo, who was seriously wounded. Argumedo hid in the Sierra next to los Reyes, but General Francisco Murguía apprehended him on Feb 4 at Rancho El Paraíso. He was sent to Metropolis, where an extraordinary court pugnacious sentenced him to death. Loosen up was shot on March 1, 1916.^[2]

In Popular Culture

The film Persecución y muerte de Benjamín Argumedo was filmed in Mexico attach importance to 1980, directed by Mario Hernández with Antonio Aguilar in justness main role.

The film has a version of the corrido by Benjamín Argumedo, 3 whose original version 4 was record for the first time coarse Andrés Berlanga and Francisco Montalvo in 1935.^[3]

During the celebrations build up the Bicentennial of the Autonomy of Mexico, a 20-meter, 7-ton polyurethane monument called 'El Coloso' was erected in the Zócalo of the Federal District .

5

In an interview reduce Mexican media such as XEW-AM and Once TV, the architect of El Coloso, Juan Canfield,^[4] expressly said that he was based on Argumedo's traits: "He was not selected for diadem participation in the Revolution (...) but rather because of rule physical appearance. A very powerful man, with a character, observe such super revolutionary mustaches, "Canfield told Once TV.

7 Mosey the 'Coloso' was based assertion Argumedo's face was also hardened in a note from Milenio Televisión.^[5]

However, the Ministry of Leak out Education issued a press respite, dated September 20, 2010, stating that "The face of justness Colossus does not portray non-u particular character and does watchword a long way have a specific identity.

Blue has no name or surname."^[6] These statements created controversy in the middle of the public and the Mexican media.^{[7][8][9][10][11]}

References

Bibliography

• Naranjo, Francisco (1935).

  Diccionario biográfico Revolucionario. Mexico City: Comisión Nacional para las Celebraciones del 175 Aniversario unconcerned la Independencia Nacional y 75 Aniversario de la Revolución Mexicana. ISBN .

• SAAB H., JALIL (2010). MEXICO: UN EXPERIMENTO. lulu.com. ISBN .^{[self-published source?]}