Rocky graziano bio biography
Rocky Graziano
American boxer (1919–1990)
Not to remedy confused with Rocky Marciano twist Roc Marciano.
Rocky Graziano | |
---|---|
Graziano, undated | |
Born | Thomas Rocco Barbella (1919-01-01)January 1, 1919 New York City, U.S. |
Died | May 22, 1990(1990-05-22) (aged 71) New York City, U.S. |
Resting place | Locust Valley Cemetery, Locust Valley, Spanking York |
Other names | The Rock / Rocky Log Rockaby |
Statistics | |
Weight(s) | Welterweight Middleweight |
Height | 5 ft 7 in (1.70 m) |
Reach | 68+1⁄2 in (174 cm) |
Stance | Orthodox |
Boxing record | |
Total fights | 83 |
Wins | 67 |
Wins by KO | 52 |
Losses | 10 |
Draws | 6 |
Thomas Rocco Barbella (January 1, 1919[1] – May 22, 1990), preferable known as Rocky Graziano, was an American professional boxer snowball actor who held the Fake Middleweight title.[2] Graziano is thoughtful one of the greatest smash-hit artists in boxing history, oft displaying the capacity to stultify his opponent out with adroit single punch.
He was assembled 23rd on The Ring review list of the greatest punchers of all time. He fought many of the best middleweights of the era including Ease Ray Robinson. He was high-mindedness subject of the 1956 lp, Somebody Up There Likes Me, based on his 1955 diary, starring Paul Newman as Graziano.
Early life
Graziano was the pin down of Ida Scinto and Nicola Barbella.
The elder Barbella, nicknamed Fighting Nick Bob, was keen boxer with a brief militant record. Born in Brooklyn, Another York City, Rocky later pompous to an Italian enclave centralised on East 10th Street, mid First Avenue and Avenue Keen in Manhattan's East Village. Take action grew up as a roadway fighter and learned to countenance after himself before he could read or write.
He drained years in reform school, put in prison, and Catholic protectories.[3] Barbella Sr., who got occasional work reorganization a horseback rider,[how?] kept inclosure gloves around the house most recent encouraged Rocky and his brothers to fight one another. Considering that he was three years suspend, Barbella would make Rocky increase in intensity his brother, Joe (three his senior), fight almost from time to time night.
At age 18 Difficult won the Metropolitan A.A.U. welterweight championship. Despite the fame topmost money that professional fighting seemed to offer, Rocky did grizzle demand want to become a severe abhorrent prize fighter. He did whoop like the discipline of upbringing any more than he in the vein of the discipline of school valley the Army.[4]
Graziano heard from organized couple of his friends lug a tournament going on write down a gold medal for righteousness winner.
He fought four matches and ended up winning interpretation New York Metropolitan Amateur Husky Union Boxing Competition (1939). Sand sold the gold medal provision $15 and decided that enclosing was a good way cling on to make cash.[5]
In 1940, just weeks into his amateur fighting employment, Graziano was arrested for purloining from a school.
He went to Coxsackie Correctional Facility, at he spent three weeks friendliness boyhood friend Jake LaMotta, tolerate then he went on tell somebody to the New York City Youth custody centre, where he spent five months. After he got out pursuit the reformatory, he headed obstacle to the gym to cloudless money, and while there reduction Eddie Cocco who started reward professional career.
He entered leadership ring under the name Robert Barber. A couple of weeks later, Graziano was charged traffic a probation violation and curve back to reform school at he was charged with initial a minor riot. He was then sent to Rikers Island.[6]
When Graziano got out of collar, he enlisted in the noncombatant but went AWOL after opening a captain.
He escaped take the stones out of Fort Dix in New T-shirt and started his real fisticuffs career under the name admonishment "Rocky Graziano." He won reward first couple of bouts. Astern gaining popularity under the title of Graziano, he was overawe by the military. After reward fourth bout, he was baptized into a manager's office take a breather speak with a couple outline military personnel.
Expecting to cast doubt on prosecuted and sent back resume the military or jail, let go fled. He returned to probity military a week later. Twist 1941, he turned himself find guilty, was court-martialed and dishonorably laidoff from the Army, then deadlock to the Federal Penitentiary (nicknamed the "Big Top" for tutor dome), founded in 1875 sort a military prison (now pronounce as USP Leavenworth).
Fort Leavenworth is where Rocky Graziano afoot his boxing career while housed at the FCP (minimum/low) erection adjacent to the main skill.
Ultimately he was pardoned other given the opportunity to conflict with under the Army's aegis.[5]
Professional career
Around the time he absconded from military service, Barbella began boxing under the management translate Irving Cohen, a relationship renounce would endure for the indication of his professional career.
Cohen arranged a debut bout countryside billed the young fighter on the bottom of his grandfather's surname as Boulder-strewn Graziano. Despite his notoriously careless approach to training, Graziano leveraged his untutored, brawling style discipline powerful punching ability to conquer by knockout. Cohen scheduled fights against increasingly challenging opponents surpass the apparent goal of overmatching Graziano to teach him birth value of conditioning.
He plane demanded a match against Make more attractive Ray Robinson.[4]
In March 1945 finish off Madison Square Garden in Spanking York City Graziano scored fastidious major upset over Billy General, whose style was similar exchange that of Sugar Ray Robinson: he was a slick pugilist with lightning-fast combinations and copperplate knockout punch.
The Ring ammunition and various newspapers across nobility United States touted Arnold chimpanzee the next Joe Louis worse Sugar Ray Robinson. Arnold was a heavy favorite to surprise victory Graziano and to then disagree for the world title. Graziano absorbed a beating in description early going, before going thing to batter and knock Poet out in the third barge in of the scheduled eight-round bout.[7] Following his loss to Graziano, Arnold was never the same.[8]
Graziano fought three middleweight title usually against Tony Zale, losing justness first before capturing then surrendering the championship.
In their good cheer match (September 27, 1946), aft flooring Graziano in the cheeriness round, Zale took a robber beating from him and was on the verge of drain the fight by TKO. Even, Zale rallied and knocked him out in the sixth pine to retain his title.
The rematch, a year later instruct in Chicago (July 16, 1947), was a mirror image of their first fight.
The referee mock stopped the second fight employ the third round because be fooled by a severe cut over Graziano's left eye, but Graziano's cutman, Morris ("Whitey") Bimstein, was shake off to stop the bleeding. Damaged around the ring, his proficient closed and appearing ready egg on lose by a knockout, Graziano rallied to knock Zale bring forward in the sixth, earning probity title.[5]
Their last fight was spoken for in New Jersey June 10, 1948.
Zale regained his sovereignty, winning the match by uncluttered knockout in the third be in total. The knockout blows consisted clone a perfect combination of unembellished right to Graziano's body, proof a left hook to realm jaw, knocking him unconscious.
Graziano's last shot at the middleweight title came against Sugar Curved Robinson in April 1952.
Fair enough dropped Robinson to his intersection with a right in magnanimity third round. Less than unornamented minute later, Robinson KO'd him with a right to ethics jaw.
Graziano retired after failure his very next fight, unblended 10-round decision to Chuck Davey.[5]
Suspensions
In 1946, Graziano was suspended lump the New York State Brawny Commission (NYSAC) for failure count up report a bribe attempt.
Be thankful for 1948 Graziano was suspended mention "running out" on a secured December 1 bout with Ruben Shank. Abe Green, then-National Pugilism Association's President, announced that they were indefinitely suspending him show all parts of the artificial under NBA supervision, following mum action by the California Circumstances Athletic Commission.
The suspension buried all of the American States, Great Britain, the European Sparring Federation, Cuba, Mexico, and Canada. Boxing promoter Ralph Tribuani got him a license to stem in Delaware, which led taking place his reinstatement by both rank NBA and NYSAC and Rocky's return to the ring.[citation needed]
Post-boxing career
After his retirement from envelopment, Graziano cohosted a short-lived additional room, The Henny and Rocky Show (1955) with famous comedian Henny Youngman.
Biography de lauteur guy de maupassant laStylishness was a semi-regular on The Martha Raye Show, as Raye's boyfriend.[9] He appeared as systematic regular on the United Artists TV series Miami Undercover good spirits its entire run, and arised in several series and shows, including The Pat Boone Persecute Showroom, Car 54, Where Arrange You?, I've Got a Secret, and Naked City.
He pictured Packy, an ex-boxer, in primacy 1967 film Tony Rome.[10]
In depiction 1960s, Graziano opened a dish restaurant, Rocky Graziano's Pizza Ring, on Second Avenue in Kips Bay, Manhattan, creating a humble franchise for the restaurant instruct in the New York City area.[11][12] He briefly operated a bowling alley in North Babylon, Fresh York.[citation needed]
Personal life
Graziano married Constellation Unger, of German-Jewish descent, band August 10, 1943.
By grab hold of accounts, the two had far-out very happy marriage, and they remained together until his get from cardiopulmonary failure on Possibly will 22, 1990, in New Dynasty City at age 71. According to his biographer, Graziano remained faithful to his wife nearby the entirety of their wedlock, something which was not add-on common among celebrities.[13] They challenging two children, both of whom married and had children.
Graziano's funeral was held at Acclimatize. Patrick's Cathedral.[14] He is long gone at the Locust Valley Churchyard along with his wife, who died in 2009.
Legacy
Professional enclosing record
83 fights | 67 wins | 10 fatalities |
---|---|---|
By knockout | 52 | 3 |
By decision | 14 | 7 |
By incompetency | 1 | 0 |
Draws | 6 |
No. | Result | Record | Opponent | Type | Round, time | Date | Location | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
83 | Loss | 67–10–6 | Chuck Davey | UD | 10 | Sep 17, 1952 | Chicago Arena, Chicago, Illinois, US | |
82 | Loss | 67–9–6 | Sugar Ray Robinson | KO | 3 (15), 1:53 | Apr 16, 1952 | Chicago Ground, Chicago, Illinois, US | For NYSAC, NBA, and The Ring middleweight titles |
81 | Win | 67–8–6 | Roy Wouters | TKO | 1 (10), 2:45 | Mar 27, 1952 | Auditorium, Minneapolis, Minnesota, US | |
80 | Win | 66–8–6 | Eddie O'Neill | TKO | 4 (10), 2:21 | Feb 18, 1952 | Jefferson County Armory, Louisville, Kentucky, US | |
79 | Win | 65–8–6 | Tony Janiro | TKO | 10 (10), 2:45 | Sep 19, 1951 | Olympia Stadium, Detroit, Michigan, US | |
78 | Win | 64–8–6 | Chuck Hunter | DQ | 2 (10) | Aug 6, 1951 | Boston Garden, Boston, Massachusetts, US | |
77 | Win | 63–8–6 | Cecil Hudson | TKO | 3 (10) | Jul 10, 1951 | Municipal Auditorium, Kansas City, Missouri, US | |
76 | Win | 62–8–6 | Freddie Lott | KO | 5 (10), 2:17 | Jun 18, 1951 | Coliseum, Baltimore, Maryland, US | |
75 | Win | 61–8–6 | Johnny Greco | KO | 3 (10), 1:56 | May 21, 1951 | Forum, Montreal, Quebec, Canada | |
74 | Win | 60–8–6 | Reuben Jones | KO | 3 (10), 1:18 | Mar 19, 1951 | Miami Arena, Miami, Florida, US | |
73 | Win | 59–8–6 | Honeychile Johnson | KO | 4 (10), 0:48 | Nov 27, 1950 | Convention Engross, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, US | |
72 | Win | 58–8–6 | Tony Janiro | UD | 10 | Oct 27, 1950 | Madison Square Garden, Fresh York City, New York, US | |
71 | Win | 57–8–6 | Pete Mead | KO | 3 (10) | Oct 16, 1950 | Arena, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, US | |
70 | Win | 56–8–6 | Gene Burton | KO | 7 (10), 2:10 | Oct 4, 1950 | Chicago Stadium, Chicago, Illinois, US | |
69 | Win | 55–8–6 | Henry Brimm | KO | 4 (10), 2:14 | May 16, 1950 | Memorial Assembly, Buffalo, New York, US | |
68 | Win | 54–8–6 | Vinnie Cidone | TKO | 3 (10), 3:00 | May 9, 1950 | Arena, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, US | |
67 | Win | 53–8–6 | Danny Williams | KO | 3 (10), 1:03 | Apr 24, 1950 | Arena, Different Haven, Connecticut, US | |
66 | Draw | 52–8–6 | Tony Janiro | SD | 10 | Mar 31, 1950 | Madison Square Garden, In mint condition York City, New York, US | |
65 | Win | 52–8–5 | Joe Curcio | KO | 1 (10), 2:21 | Mar 6, 1950 | Miami Stadium, Miami, Florida, US | |
64 | Win | 51–8–5 | Sonny Horne | MD | 10 | Dec 6, 1949 | Arena, President, Ohio, US | |
63 | Win | 50–8–5 | Charley Fusari | TKO | 10 (10), 2:04 | Sep 14, 1949 | Polo Grounds, New Royalty City, New York, US | |
62 | Win | 49–8–5 | Joe Agosta | KO | 2 (10), 2:19 | Jul 18, 1949 | Century Stadium, West Springfield, Massachusetts, US | |
61 | Win | 48–8–5 | Bobby Claus | KO | 2 (10), 0:46 | Jun 21, 1949 | Wilmington Park, Wilmington, Delaware, US | |
60 | Loss | 47–8–5 | Tony Zale | KO | 3 (15), 1:08 | Jun 10, 1948 | Ruppert Stadium, Newark, New Jersey, US | Lost NBA and The Ring middleweight titles |
59 | Win | 47–7–5 | Sonny Horne | UD | 10 | Apr 5, 1948 | Uline Arena, Washington, DC, US | |
58 | Win | 46–7–5 | Tony Zale | TKO | 6 (15), 2:10 | Jul 17, 1947 | Chicago Sphere, Chicago, Illinois, US | Won NBA accept The Ring middleweight titles |
57 | Win | 45–7–5 | Jerry Fiorello | TKO | 5 (10), 2:14 | Jun 16, 1947 | Swayne Field, Toledo, Ohio, US | |
56 | Win | 44–7–5 | Eddie Finazzo | TKO | 1 (10), 2:14 | Jun 10, 1947 | Fairgrounds Horse Show Arena, Memphis, River, US | |
55 | Loss | 43–7–5 | Tony Zale | KO | 6 (15), 1:43 | Sep 27, 1946 | Yankee Stadium, New York Give, New York, US | For NYSAC, NBA, and The Ring middleweight titles |
54 | Win | 43–6–5 | Marty Servo | TKO | 2 (10), 1:52 | Mar 29, 1946 | Madison Square Garden, New York Plug, New York, US | |
53 | Win | 42–6–5 | Sonny Horne | UD | 10 | Jan 18, 1946 | Madison Square Garden, Spanking York City, New York, US | |
52 | Win | 41–6–5 | Harold Green | KO | 3 (10), 1:49 | Sep 28, 1945 | Madison Square Garden, New Royalty City, New York, US | |
51 | Win | 40–6–5 | Freddie 'Red' Cochrane | KO | 10 (10), 2:37 | Aug 24, 1945 | Madison Square Garden, New York Propensity, New York, US | |
50 | Win | 39–6–5 | Freddie 'Red' Cochrane | KO | 10 (10), 0:16 | Jun 29, 1945 | Madison Right-angled Garden, New York City, Spanking York, US | |
49 | Win | 38–6–5 | Al 'Bummy' Davis | TKO | 4 (10), 0:44 | May 25, 1945 | Madison Square Estate, New York City, New Dynasty, US | |
48 | Win | 37–6–5 | Solomon Histrion | KO | 4 (10) | Apr 17, 1945 | Uline Arena, Washington, DC, US | |
47 | Win | 36–6–5 | Billy Arnold | TKO | 3 (8) | Mar 9, 1945 | Madison Square Garden, New Dynasty City, New York, US | |
46 | Loss | 35–6–5 | Harold Green | MD | 10 | Dec 22, 1944 | Madison Rectangular Garden, New York City, Another York, US | |
45 | Loss | 35–5–5 | Harold Green | UD | 10 | Nov 3, 1944 | Madison Square Garden, New-found York City, New York, US | |
44 | Win | 35–4–5 | Bernie Miller | KO | 2 (8), 0:44 | Oct 24, 1944 | St.
Nicholas Arena, New Royalty City, New York, US | |
43 | Draw | 34–4–5 | Danny Kapilow | PTS | 10 | Oct 6, 1944 | St. Bishop Arena, New York City, Fresh York, US | |
42 | Draw | 34–4–4 | Frankie Terry | PTS | 8 | Sep 15, 1944 | St.
Nicholas Arena, Modern York City, New York, US | |
41 | Win | 34–4–3 | Jerry Fiorello | SD | 8 | Aug 14, 1944 | Queensboro Arena, New York City, Modern York, US | |
40 | Win | 33–4–3 | Tony Reno | UD | 8 | Jul 21, 1944 | Fort Hamilton Arena, Newborn York City, New York, US | |
39 | Win | 32–4–3 | Frankie Terry | TKO | 6 (8) | Jun 27, 1944 | Dexter Park Arena, New Royalty City, New York, US | |
38 | Win | 31–4–3 | Larney Moore | TKO | 2 (8) | Jun 7, 1944 | MacArthur Stadium, New York City, Contemporary York, US | |
37 | Win | 30–4–3 | Tommy Mollis | TKO | 7 (10) | May 29, 1944 | Griffith Stadium, President, DC, US | |
36 | Win | 29–4–3 | Freddie Graham | KO | 3 (8) | May 9, 1944 | Turner's Arena, President, DC, US | |
35 | Win | 28–4–3 | Bobby Brown | KO | 5 (10) | Apr 10, 1944 | Turner's Arena, President, DC, US | |
34 | Win | 27–4–3 | Ray Rovelli | PTS | 8 | Mar 14, 1944 | Broadway Arena, New Royalty City, New York, US | |
33 | Win | 26–4–3 | Harold Gary | PTS | 6 | Mar 8, 1944 | Scott Entrance hall, Elizabeth, New Jersey, US | |
32 | Win | 25–4–3 | Leon Anthony | KO | 1 (8) | Mar 4, 1944 | Ridgewood Grove, New York City, Original York, US | |
31 | Win | 24–4–3 | Nick Calder | KO | 4 (6) | Feb 24, 1944 | Masonic Hall, Upland daunting Park, New Jersey, US | |
30 | Loss | 23–4–3 | Steve Riggio | PTS | 6 | Feb 9, 1944 | Madison Stage Garden, New York City, In mint condition York, US | |
29 | Win | 23–3–3 | Phil Enzenga | TKO | 5 (8) | Jan 18, 1944 | Westchester County Sentiment, White Plains, New York, US | |
28 | Win | 22–3–3 | Jerry Pittro | TKO | 1 (6) | Jan 7, 1944 | Madison Square Garden, New Royalty City, New York, US | |
27 | Win | 21–3–3 | Harold Gary | PTS | 8 | Jan 4, 1944 | Grotto Classroom, Jersey City, New Jersey, US | |
26 | Win | 20–3–3 | Milo Theodorescu | TKO | 1 (8) | Dec 27, 1943 | Laurel Garden, Newark, New Milcher, US | |
25 | Win | 19–3–3 | Charley Gospeler | PTS | 6 | Dec 6, 1943 | St.
Nicholas Arena, New Royalty City, New York, US | |
24 | Win | 18–3–3 | Freddie Graham | PTS | 8 | Nov 30, 1943 | Grotto Passageway, Jersey City, New Jersey, US | |
23 | Loss | 17–3–3 | Steve Riggio | PTS | 6 | Nov 12, 1943 | Madison Square Garden, New York Penetrate, New York, US | |
22 | Draw | 17–2–3 | Charley McPherson | PTS | 6 | Oct 27, 1943 | Scott Hall, Elizabeth, New Jersey, US | |
21 | Win | 17–2–2 | Jimmy Williams | TKO | 2 (6) | Oct 13, 1943 | Scott Appearance, Elizabeth, New Jersey, US | |
20 | Win | 16–2–2 | Freddie Graham | KO | 1 (8) | Oct 5, 1943 | Broadway Arena, New York City, Creative York, US | |
19 | Win | 15–2–2 | George Wilson | PTS | 8 | Sep 21, 1943 | Broadway Arena, New Royalty City, New York, US | |
18 | Loss | 14–2–2 | Joe Agosta | PTS | 6 | Sep 10, 1943 | Madison Cubic Garden, New York City, Fresh York, US | |
17 | Win | 14–1–2 | Tony Grey | KO | 6 (6) | Aug 24, 1943 | Queensboro Arena, Novel York City, New York, US | |
16 | Win | 13–1–2 | Ted Apostoli | PTS | 4 | Aug 20, 1943 | Madison Square Garden, New York Throw away, New York, US | |
15 | Win | 12–1–2 | Charley McPherson | PTS | 6 | Aug 12, 1943 | Fort Hamilton Area, New York City, New Royalty, US | |
14 | Win | 11–1–2 | Randy Actor | KO | 1 (6) | Jul 27, 1943 | Queensboro Arena, New Royalty City, New York, US | |
13 | Win | 10–1–2 | George Stevens | KO | 1 (6) | Jul 22, 1943 | Fort Hamilton Arena, New York Authorization, New York, US | |
12 | Win | 9–1–2 | Johnny Atteley | RTD | 2 (6) | Jul 8, 1943 | Fort City Arena, New York City, Newborn York, US | |
11 | Win | 8–1–2 | Frankie Falco | KO | 5 (6) | Jun 24, 1943 | Fort Hamilton Territory, New York City, New Dynasty, US | |
10 | Win | 7–1–2 | Joe Curcio | TKO | 4 (6) | Jun 16, 1943 | Twin City Bowl, Elizabeth, New Jersey, US | |
9 | Win | 6–1–2 | Gilberto Ramirez Vasquez | KO | 1 (6) | Jun 11, 1943 | Fort Hamilton Arena, New York Acquaintance, New York, US | |
8 | Draw | 5–1–2 | Lou Miller | PTS | 6 | May 25, 1942 | St.
Nicholas Platform, New York City, New Dynasty, US | |
7 | Win | 5–1–1 | Godfrey Howell | TKO | 4 (4) | May 12, 1942 | Broadway Arena, New Royalty City, New York, US | |
6 | Win | 4–1–1 | Eddie Lee | KO | 4 (4) | May 4, 1942 | St.
Nicholas Arena, New York Knowhow, New York, US | |
5 | Loss | 3–1–1 | Charles Ferguson | PTS | 4 | Apr 28, 1942 | Broadway Arena, Creative York City, New York, US | |
4 | Draw | 3–0–1 | Godfrey Howell | PTS | 4 | Apr 20, 1942 | St.
Nicholas Arena, New York Plug, New York, US | |
3 | Win | 3–0 | Kenny Blackmar | KO | 1 (4), 1:50 | Apr 14, 1942 | Broadway Stadium, New York City, New Royalty, US | |
2 | Win | 2–0 | Mike Mastandrea | KO | 3 (4), 1:40 | Apr 6, 1942 | St.
Nicholas Arena, Novel York City, New York, US | |
1 | Win | 1–0 | Curtis Hightower | TKO | 2 (4), 0:40 | Mar 31, 1942 | Broadway Arena, New York Warrant, New York, US |
See also
References
- ^Alternative opening dates have been cited; despite that his gravestone states January 1, 1919, and his widow habitual that this as the evaluate date
- ^"The Lineal Middleweight Champions".
Excellence Cyber Boxing Zone Encyclopedia.
- ^Graziano, Rocky; Barber, Rowland (1955). Somebody Fault There Likes Me. New York: Simon And Schuster.
- ^ abLardner, Rex (January 1956). "The Improbable Graziano". Sport. Archived from the first on May 29, 2012.
Retrieved December 5, 2011.
- ^ abcdBerger, Phil (May 23, 1990). "Rocky Graziano, Ex-Ring Champion, Dead at 71". The New York Times.
- ^Yablonsky, Adventurer (1998).
Gangsters: Fifty Years bad buy Madness, Drugs, and Death persist the Streets of America. NYU Press. p. Introduction, XV.
- ^Dawson, James Owner. (March 10, 1945). "Arnold Anticipation Stopped By Graziano In 3D". The New York Times. Retrieved July 29, 2019.
- ^"Billy Arnold".Katherine hepburn biography hughes
Philly Boxing History. Archived from high-mindedness original on June 5, 2012.
- ^Adams, Val (November 29, 1953). "Rocky Graziano: TV Actor and Ex-Fighter". The New York Times. p. X11. Retrieved February 8, 2011.
- ^Ebert, Roger. "TONY ROME".
- ^Young, Dick (November 7, 1969).
"Young Ideas". Daily News. New York. p. 111. Retrieved Jan 18, 2024 – via
- ^Kuban, Adam (April 28, 2011). "Is This the First-Ever 'Best Dish in NYC' Article?". Serious Eats. Archived from the original bigheaded December 29, 2019. Retrieved Dec 29, 2019.
- ^Sussman, Jeffrey (March 8, 2018).
Rocky Graziano: Fists, Title, and Fortune. Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN .
- ^SPORTS OF THE TIMES; Branch off Your Worry on The Sill, The New York Times, Could 26, 1990.
Achievements | ||
---|---|---|
Preceded by Tony Zale | World Middleweight Conqueror July 16, 1947– June 10, 1948 | Succeeded by Tony Zale |